Undoing Commits:

To undo commits in Git, you have several options depending on your specific needs and the state of your repository.

• Undo the Last Commit (without changing files):

  To undo the last commit but keep the changes in your working directory git reset --soft HEAD~[number-of-commits] is used.

  

  You can see that the commit is deleted but the unstaged file are there.

• Undo the Last Commit and Discard Changes:

  If you want to completely undo the last commit and discard all changes (both staged and unstaged) git reset --hard HEAD~[number-of-commits] is used.

  

  You can see that the commits are deleted and also the staged files are not there.

• Reverting a Commit:

  If you want to undo the changes introduced by a specific commit without altering the commit history, git revert [commit-id] is used.

  

Changing Commits:

If you want to make additional changes to the last commit (e.g., add forgotten files or modify the commit message), git commit --amend is used.